Payrolls Rise 165,000 in October as December Fed Hike Odds Jump to 77%

U.S. payrolls rose 165,000 in October and unemployment fell to 4.1 percent, lifting December Fed rate hike odds to roughly 77 percent before the December 9 decision.

U.S. payrolls rose 165,000 in October and unemployment fell to 4.1 percent, lifting December Fed rate hike odds to roughly 77 percent before the December 9 decision.

The average rate on U.S. interest-bearing federal debt reached 3.580% on October 31, the highest since April 2009, as Treasury bills topped 4% for the first time in a year.

Treasury set its November quarterly refunding at $125 billion and dropped the phrase at least from its coupon auction size guidance, pointing any change at February 3.

Treasury's operating cash balance closed at $930.8 billion on November 2, down $121.8 billion from its October 27 peak, as total public debt fell $91.6 billion.

Fed Chair Kevin Warsh said the FOMC will hold seven interest rate votes in 2027 and six in 2028, down from eight. Prime stays at 7.00 percent and December 8 to 9 is unaffected.

Treasury updates its $628 billion October through December borrowing estimate Monday at 3 p.m. Eastern, with the quarterly refunding statement due Wednesday morning.

Federal debt rose $421.8 billion in October 2026 to $40.593 trillion, the largest monthly increase since July 2025. Here is what it means for prime and mortgage rates.

Core PCE inflation rose to 3.1% over the 12 months through September 2026, the BEA reported October 29, one day after the Fed held the prime rate at 7.00% on a 10 to 2 vote.

Bank reserves fell $68.8 billion to $2.894 trillion in the week ended October 28, the lowest since December 2025, as SOFR closed above the Fed's 3.90% floor for a fourth straight session.

The Federal Open Market Committee held its target range at 3.75% to 4.00% on October 28, 2026, keeping the prime rate at 7.00%. Cook and Hammack dissented for a quarter point hike.